Epistemic feelings such as uncertainty, confusion, feelings of knowing, or confidence are ubiquitous inour daily stream of consciousness. They enable us to monitor and control our ongoing cognitiveprocesses, a capacity known as "metacognition". Recently, the study of metacognition in humans andnonhuman animals has gained prominence, and is having exciting implications for work on decisionmaking,learning, mentalizing, and theories of consciousness. However, there is an ongoing debateabout which cognitive and neural processes really constitute metacognition, and which criteria shouldbe used for measuring and attributing it. The aim of this seminar is to (i) introduce empirical methodsand results from metacognition research, (ii) discuss their theoretical implications with respect to thecompeting theories of metacognition, and (iii) shed light on the idea of a constitutive link betweenmetacognition and consciousness. To this end, we will examine both empirical and philosophical work.Students will gain insight into empirical approaches and neuroscientific advances in the study ofmetacognition and how these fit into the philosophical framework.