The aim of this course is to dig deep into the foundations of Cognitive Science, examining its conceptual underpinnings. The focus will be on the nature and explanatory role of the notions of representation, computation, and cognitive architecture. We will delve into issues such as: What is a representation? How do cognitive states represent, and what determines their representational content? What does it mean to say that the cognitive system computes? What are cognitive architectures and how to assess their explanatory adequacy? We will take a look at texts in philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience in trying to answer these questions.