The aim of this course is to discuss evidence for the role of neuroendocrine mechanisms in human socio-emotional functions. By covering recent trends and advances in the field of psychoneuroendocrinology, we will specifically focus on the effects of the neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin as well as cortisol and their interaction on social stress and social support. We will focus on original scientific literature from human and animal research interrogating the mechanisms by which hormones act in the brain to influence socio-affective behaviour. Further, we will discuss the implications for neuropsychiatric disorders, specifically if hormones represent promising pharmacological biomarkers and treatment targets for social and emotional dysfunction.